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Peony (Paeonia lactiflora syn. P. albiflora)

Botanical Information

  • Family: Paeoniaceae
  • Common Names: Peony, Chinese Peony, White Peony, Bai Shao Yao
  • Parts Used: Roots, flowers, seeds

Description

Peony is a perennial herb native to China and other parts of East Asia. Revered for its beautiful flowers, the plant’s roots have long been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Western herbal practices for their calming, anti-inflammatory, and hormone-balancing properties.

Historical and Traditional Uses

  • Used in Traditional Chinese Medicine to nourish the blood, regulate menstruation, and calm the liver.
  • Employed in ancient Greek medicine to relieve pain and reduce fever.
  • Traditionally used as a remedy for spasms, cramps, and inflammatory conditions.

Constituents

  • Paeoniflorin (glycoside)
  • Flavonoids
  • Tannins
  • Volatile oils
  • Polysaccharides

Actions

  • Anti-inflammatory
  • Antispasmodic
  • Sedative
  • Analgesic (pain-relieving)
  • Hormone-regulating
  • Blood tonic

Medicinal Uses

1. Menstrual and Reproductive Health:
Peony is commonly used to regulate menstrual cycles, alleviate menstrual cramps, and address hormonal imbalances, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

2. Muscle Spasms and Cramps:
Its antispasmodic properties help relieve muscle tension, including cramps and spasms associated with digestive issues or menstrual discomfort.

3. Liver and Blood Health:
Peony supports liver function and acts as a blood tonic, making it useful for improving circulation and reducing symptoms of anemia.

4. Anti-inflammatory and Pain Relief:
It helps reduce inflammation and is often used to alleviate joint pain, arthritis, and headaches.

5. Nervous System Support:
Peony has mild sedative properties, helping to calm nervous tension, anxiety, and insomnia.

Preparation and Dosage

Decoction:

  • 1-2 tsp of dried peony root per cup of water. Simmer for 15-20 minutes and drink 1-2 times daily.

Tincture:

  • 2-4 ml of peony root tincture, taken 2-3 times daily.

Capsules:

  • 300-600 mg of standardized extract per dose, taken 1-2 times daily.

Poultice:

  • Crushed peony root can be applied externally to relieve muscle pain and inflammation.

Precautions and Contraindications

  • Pregnancy and Lactation: Avoid use during pregnancy, as it may stimulate uterine contractions.
  • Bleeding Disorders: Use with caution, as peony may have mild anticoagulant effects.
  • Medication Interactions: May interact with blood thinners and sedatives; consult a healthcare provider before use.

Energetics (Traditional Medicine Perspectives)

  • Traditional Chinese Medicine: Peony nourishes the blood, calms the liver, and harmonizes the body’s yin energy.
  • Ayurvedic: Warming and soothing, it helps balance vata and pitta, particularly in cases of pain and nervous tension.

Combinations

  • For Menstrual Health: Combine with dong quai and chasteberry.
  • For Muscle Spasms: Combine with cramp bark and valerian.
  • For Liver Support: Combine with dandelion and milk thistle.

Harvesting and Storage

  • Harvesting: Roots are harvested in autumn after the plant has died back.
  • Drying: Wash and dry the roots in a well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight.
  • Storage: Store dried roots or powders in an airtight container in a cool, dark place.

Modern Research

Studies have confirmed peony’s role in reducing inflammation, regulating hormones, and relieving muscle spasms. Research is ongoing to explore its benefits in managing autoimmune conditions and metabolic health.

Peony remains a valuable herb in traditional and modern herbal medicine, offering support for menstrual health, pain relief, and emotional balance.