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Bishop’s Weed (Ammi majus)

Botanical Information

  • Family: Apiaceae
  • Common Names: Bishop’s Weed, Greater Ammi, Queen Anne’s Lace (not to be confused with Daucus carota)
  • Parts Used: Seeds, aerial parts

Description

Ammi majus is a herbaceous plant native to the Mediterranean region and parts of Asia. It is well-known for its small, white, lacy flowers and has a long history of medicinal use for its diuretic, anti-inflammatory, and antispasmodic properties. In modern times, it is also valued for its role in treating skin conditions.

Historical and Traditional Uses

  • Traditionally used in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean herbal medicine to treat skin disorders such as vitiligo and psoriasis.
  • Employed as a remedy for digestive issues and colic.
  • Used to relieve respiratory conditions, including asthma and bronchitis.

Constituents

  • Furanocoumarins (including xanthotoxin)
  • Essential oils
  • Flavonoids
  • Polyacetylenes

Actions

  • Photosensitizing
  • Antispasmodic
  • Anti-inflammatory
  • Diuretic
  • Antimicrobial

Medicinal Uses

1. Treatment of Skin Conditions:
The furanocoumarins in Ammi majus make it useful for treating vitiligo, psoriasis, and eczema by promoting skin pigmentation and reducing inflammation. It is often used in phototherapy treatments.

2. Respiratory Health:
Traditionally used to relieve asthma, bronchitis, and coughs due to its antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory effects on the respiratory system.

3. Digestive Support:
Its carminative and antispasmodic actions help relieve colic, gas, and bloating.

4. Urinary Health:
The diuretic properties of Ammi majus support kidney and bladder function and help treat urinary tract infections.

5. Antimicrobial Effects:
The plant has antimicrobial properties that make it effective against certain bacterial and fungal infections.

Preparation and Dosage

Infusion (Tea):

  • 1-2 tsp of dried seeds or aerial parts per cup of boiling water. Steep for 10-15 minutes and drink 1-2 times daily.

Tincture:

  • 2-4 ml of tincture taken 2-3 times daily.

Topical Use:

  • Infused oil or poultices can be applied to skin conditions. Always use under medical supervision due to the photosensitizing effects.

Precautions and Contraindications

  • Photosensitivity: Can cause sensitivity to sunlight; avoid prolonged sun exposure after use.
  • Pregnancy and Lactation: Avoid use during pregnancy or while breastfeeding.
  • Skin Irritation: May cause irritation in sensitive individuals.

Energetics (Traditional Medicine Perspectives)

  • Traditional Mediterranean Medicine: Cooling and drying, used to calm excess heat and inflammation in the body.

Combinations

  • For Skin Conditions: Combine with calendula and turmeric.
  • For Respiratory Health: Combine with thyme and mullein.
  • For Digestive Support: Combine with fennel and peppermint.

Harvesting and Storage

  • Harvesting: Seeds are harvested when mature, typically in late summer or early fall. Aerial parts can be collected during the flowering season.
  • Drying: Dry plant material in a well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight.
  • Storage: Store dried seeds and aerial parts in an airtight container in a cool, dark place.

Modern Research

Studies highlight the photosensitizing and anti-inflammatory properties of Ammi majus, with ongoing research into its applications in treating vitiligo and other skin disorders.

Bishop’s Weed remains a valued herb in traditional and modern herbal medicine, particularly for its role in skin health, respiratory support, and digestive comfort.