Black Alder (Alnus glutinosa syn. A. rotundifolia)

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Botanical Information

• Family: Betulaceae
• Common Names: Black Alder, European Alder, Common Alder
• Parts Used: Bark, leaves, catkins

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Description

Black alder is a deciduous tree native to Europe and parts of Asia and North Africa. Commonly found along riverbanks and wetlands, it has long been used in traditional European herbal medicine for its astringent, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing properties.

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Historical and Traditional Uses

• Traditionally used as a remedy for wounds, sores, and skin ulcers.
• Employed as an astringent to stop bleeding and treat diarrhea.
• Used in decoctions to reduce fevers and relieve joint pain.

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Constituents

• Tannins
• Flavonoids
• Salicylic acid derivatives
• Lignans
• Betulinic acid

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Actions

• Astringent
• Anti-inflammatory
• Antimicrobial
• Analgesic
• Diaphoretic (promotes sweating)

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Medicinal Uses

1. Wound Healing and Skin Conditions:
Black alder bark is applied externally as a poultice or wash to promote the healing of wounds, burns, and ulcers.

2. Anti-inflammatory Support:
Its anti-inflammatory properties make it effective for conditions such as arthritis, rheumatism, and joint pain.

3. Digestive Health:
As an astringent, black alder helps alleviate diarrhea and gastrointestinal inflammation.

4. Fever Reduction:
Traditionally used as a diaphoretic to reduce fevers and promote sweating.

5. Respiratory Support:
Used to soothe sore throats and treat mild respiratory infections, often in the form of a gargle.

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Preparation and Dosage

Decoction:

• Simmer 1-2 tsp of dried bark in a cup of water for 10-15 minutes. Strain and drink 1-2 times daily.

Tincture:

• 2-5 ml of tincture taken 2-3 times daily.

Poultice:

• Mash fresh bark or leaves and apply directly to wounds or inflamed skin.

Gargle:

• Prepare a mild decoction and use as a gargle for sore throats and oral infections.

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Precautions and Contraindications

• Pregnancy and Lactation: Consult a healthcare provider before use.
• Allergic Reactions: Possible in sensitive individuals; discontinue use if irritation occurs.

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Energetics (Traditional Medicine Perspectives)

• Traditional European Medicine: Cooling and drying, used to reduce heat and excess moisture in the body while toning tissues.

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Combinations

• For Wound Healing: Combine with yarrow and calendula.
• For Joint Pain: Combine with willow bark and turmeric.
• For Digestive Health: Combine with blackberry root and chamomile.

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Harvesting and Storage

• Harvesting: Bark is best collected in early spring or autumn, while leaves can be gathered during the growing season.
• Drying: Dry materials in a well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight.
• Storage: Store dried bark and leaves in an airtight container in a cool, dark place.

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Modern Research

Preliminary studies suggest that black alder’s tannins and salicylic acid derivatives contribute to its anti-inflammatory and wound-healing properties. Ongoing research is investigating its potential in managing inflammatory conditions and skin infections.

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Black alder remains a valuable herb in traditional and modern herbal medicine, offering benefits for wound healing, inflammation, and digestive health.