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Cannabis (Cannabis sativa)

Botanical Information

  • Family: Cannabaceae
  • Common Names: Hemp, Marijuana, Ganja, Dagga, Huo Ma Ren
  • Parts Used: Flowers, leaves, seeds, resin

Description

Cannabis sativa is an annual flowering herb native to Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent. It has been widely used for medicinal, recreational, and industrial purposes. Rich in cannabinoids such as THC and CBD, cannabis exhibits a wide range of therapeutic effects, including pain relief, anti-inflammatory properties, and nervous system support.

Historical and Traditional Uses

  • Used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) as an analgesic, sedative, and digestive aid.
  • In Ayurvedic medicine, cannabis was historically prescribed for pain, epilepsy, and digestive disorders.
  • The seeds have been used as a nutritious food source and mild laxative.

Constituents

  • Cannabinoids (THC, CBD, CBG, CBN)
  • Terpenes (myrcene, limonene, linalool)
  • Flavonoids
  • Fatty acids (from seeds)
  • Chlorophyll

Actions

  • Analgesic (pain-relieving)
  • Anti-inflammatory
  • Anxiolytic (reduces anxiety)
  • Neuroprotective
  • Antiemetic (reduces nausea)
  • Antispasmodic

Medicinal Uses

1. Pain Management:
Cannabis is widely used for chronic pain conditions, including arthritis, fibromyalgia, and neuropathic pain.

2. Neurological and Mental Health Support:
CBD-rich strains may help with anxiety, PTSD, epilepsy, and neurodegenerative diseases.

3. Anti-Inflammatory Effects:
Cannabinoids play a role in reducing systemic inflammation, benefiting conditions such as Crohn’s disease and multiple sclerosis.

4. Appetite Stimulation and Digestive Support:
Used to alleviate nausea, improve appetite, and reduce digestive distress, particularly in chemotherapy patients.

5. Sleep and Relaxation:
Cannabis has sedative properties that can help with insomnia and stress-related disorders.

Preparation and Dosage

Infusion (Tea from Leaves or Seeds):

  • 1-2 tsp of dried leaves or seeds per cup of hot water. Steep for 10-15 minutes and drink up to 2 times daily.

Tincture:

  • 2-5 ml of tincture taken up to 3 times daily.

Oils and Extracts:

  • CBD oil is commonly taken sublingually for anxiety, pain, and inflammation.

Inhalation (Vaporization or Smoking):

  • Used for immediate relief of symptoms such as pain or nausea.

Precautions and Contraindications

  • Pregnancy and Lactation: Avoid use due to potential developmental effects.
  • Psychological Effects: THC-rich strains may cause paranoia or anxiety in sensitive individuals.
  • Legal Restrictions: Cannabis laws vary by region; ensure compliance with local regulations.
  • Drug Interactions: May interact with blood thinners, sedatives, and certain medications.

Energetics (Traditional Medicine Perspectives)

  • Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM): Cooling and moistening; calms the mind and relaxes tension.
  • Ayurveda: Depending on strain, may balance Vata (CBD strains) or increase Pitta (high-THC strains).

Combinations

  • For Pain Relief: Combine with turmeric and willow bark.
  • For Anxiety and Stress: Combine with ashwagandha and passionflower.
  • For Digestive Support: Combine with ginger and fennel.

Harvesting and Storage

  • Harvesting: Flowers are collected when resin glands mature; seeds are harvested separately.
  • Drying: Air dry in a cool, dark place with good airflow.
  • Storage: Store dried flowers and oils in an airtight container away from heat and light.

Modern Research

Studies confirm Cannabis sativa’s analgesic, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory properties, supporting its traditional and modern medicinal applications.

Cannabis remains one of the most widely used medicinal plants, offering benefits for pain relief, neurological health, and emotional well-being.