Cayenne Pepper (Capsicum annuum & C. frutescens)

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Botanical Information

• Family: Solanaceae
• Common Names: Cayenne Pepper, Chili Pepper, Bird’s Eye Chili
• Parts Used: Fruits (pods)

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Description

Cayenne pepper is a perennial or annual plant native to tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas. It has small, white flowers and produces red or yellow pods containing seeds. The fruit is known for its pungent, spicy taste and medicinal properties.

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Historical and Traditional Uses

• Used by indigenous peoples of the Americas for pain relief, digestive health, and infections.
• Incorporated into traditional Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine to stimulate circulation and treat colds.
• Widely used in topical remedies for muscle pain and arthritis.

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Constituents

• Capsaicin
• Carotenoids (capsanthin, beta-carotene)
• Flavonoids
• Vitamins C, E, and B6
• Essential oils

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Actions

• Circulatory stimulant
• Analgesic (pain-relieving)
• Anti-inflammatory
• Antimicrobial
• Carminative (relieves gas)
• Antispasmodic

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Medicinal Uses

1. Circulatory Health:
Cayenne is a powerful circulatory stimulant that increases blood flow and supports cardiovascular health. It helps lower blood pressure and improve circulation.

2. Pain Relief:
Capsaicin, the active compound in cayenne, is widely used in topical creams to relieve muscle pain, arthritis, and neuralgia by desensitizing nerve receptors.

3. Digestive Health:
Cayenne stimulates the secretion of digestive enzymes and helps relieve indigestion, gas, and bloating.

4. Respiratory Support:
Traditionally used to relieve congestion and clear mucus, cayenne is helpful in treating colds, flu, and sinus infections.

5. Weight Management:
Cayenne may aid in weight loss by boosting metabolism and promoting fat oxidation.

6. Antimicrobial and Immune Boosting:
Cayenne’s antimicrobial properties help fight infections and support the immune system.

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Preparation and Dosage

Infusion (Tea):

• 1/4-1/2 tsp of cayenne powder per cup of boiling water. Steep for 5-10 minutes and drink 1-2 times daily to improve circulation or relieve congestion.

Tincture:

• 0.5-1 ml of cayenne tincture, taken 2-3 times daily.

Capsules:

• 250-500 mg of cayenne powder per dose, taken 1-2 times daily.

Topical Application:

• Capsaicin-containing creams or oils can be applied externally to relieve pain and inflammation.

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Precautions and Contraindications

• Sensitive Individuals: Cayenne can cause skin irritation or gastrointestinal discomfort in some people.
• Pregnancy and Lactation: Generally safe in food amounts, but medicinal doses should be used with caution.
• Bleeding Disorders: High doses may increase the risk of bleeding in individuals taking anticoagulant medications.
• Medication Interactions: May interact with blood pressure medications and anticoagulants.

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Energetics (Traditional Medicine Perspectives)

• Ayurvedic: Heating and stimulating, cayenne balances kapha and vata but can aggravate pitta if overused.
• Traditional Chinese Medicine: Used to warm the body, move stagnant qi, and dispel cold.

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Combinations

• For Circulatory Health: Combine with ginger and garlic.
• For Respiratory Relief: Combine with honey and lemon.
• For Pain Relief: Combine with arnica and St. John’s wort in topical applications.

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Harvesting and Storage

• Harvesting: Fruits are harvested when fully ripe and brightly colored, typically in late summer or autumn.
• Drying: Dry the peppers whole or slice them and dry in a warm, well-ventilated area.
• Storage: Store dried peppers or powder in an airtight container in a cool, dark place for up to a year.

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Modern Research

Studies have confirmed cayenne’s ability to improve circulation, reduce pain, and support metabolic function. Research into capsaicin’s role in weight management and cardiovascular health is ongoing.

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Cayenne pepper remains a potent herbal ally in both traditional and modern medicine, providing support for circulation, digestion, and pain relief.