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Cornelian Cherry (Cornus officinalis)

Botanical Information

  • Family: Cornaceae
  • Common Names: Cornelian Cherry, Shan Zhu Yu (Chinese Medicine)
  • Parts Used: Fruit, bark

Description

Cornus officinalis is a deciduous shrub or small tree native to China, Korea, and Japan. It has been widely used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for its ability to tonify the liver and kidneys, regulate fluids, and strengthen the body’s resistance to stress and illness. The fruit, known as Shan Zhu Yu, is highly valued for its astringent, antioxidant, and adaptogenic properties.

Historical and Traditional Uses

  • Used in TCM to stabilize and tonify the kidneys and liver.
  • Traditionally employed to treat excessive sweating, frequent urination, and dizziness.
  • Applied in formulas to support reproductive health and enhance vitality.

Constituents

  • Iridoid glycosides (loganin, morroniside)
  • Organic acids (malic acid, citric acid)
  • Flavonoids
  • Tannins
  • Anthocyanins

Actions

  • Astringent
  • Adaptogenic
  • Antioxidant
  • Hepatoprotective (supports liver function)
  • Kidney tonic

Medicinal Uses

1. Kidney and Urinary Health:
Used to strengthen kidney function, reduce excessive urination, and support bladder control.

2. Liver Protection and Detoxification:
Traditionally taken to enhance liver function and assist in detoxification.

3. Anti-Aging and Longevity:
Rich in antioxidants, Cornelian Cherry is believed to support cellular health and slow aging.

4. Reproductive and Hormonal Balance:
Used in TCM to support male and female reproductive health, particularly in cases of sexual debility.

5. Blood Sugar and Metabolic Support:
Studies suggest it may help regulate blood sugar and support metabolic health.

Preparation and Dosage

Decoction (Tea):

  • 6-12 grams of dried fruit simmered in water for 15-20 minutes. Drink up to twice daily.

Tincture:

  • 2-5 ml of tincture taken up to 3 times daily.

Powdered Extract:

  • 500 mg to 1 gram per dose, taken with warm water.

Culinary Use:

  • The fruit can be eaten fresh or dried, often used in jams or infused in wines.

Precautions and Contraindications

  • Pregnancy and Lactation: Use with caution and consult a healthcare provider.
  • Excess Heat Conditions: In TCM, it is contraindicated for individuals with excess heat symptoms, such as fever or inflammation.
  • Kidney Disorders: May not be suitable for individuals with advanced kidney disease.

Energetics (Traditional Medicine Perspectives)

  • Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM): Sour and slightly warm; enters the liver and kidney meridians to stabilize and tonify.
  • Ayurveda: Can be balancing for Vata and Pitta, but may increase Kapha in excess.

Combinations

  • For Kidney and Urinary Health: Combine with rehmannia and schisandra.
  • For Liver Support: Combine with milk thistle and dandelion.
  • For Energy and Vitality: Combine with ginseng and astragalus.

Harvesting and Storage

  • Harvesting: Fruits are collected in late summer or early autumn when fully ripe.
  • Drying: Air dry or dehydrate the fruit for long-term storage.
  • Storage: Store dried fruit in an airtight container away from moisture and light.

Modern Research

Studies confirm Cornus officinalis’s benefits for kidney health, liver function, and metabolic support, reinforcing its traditional medicinal uses.

Cornelian Cherry remains a highly valued herb in traditional and modern medicine, particularly for kidney and liver health, reproductive function, and longevity support.