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Dodder (Cuscuta epithymum)

Botanical Information

  • Family: Convolvulaceae
  • Common Names: Lesser Dodder, Red Dodder, Hellweed, Strangleweed
  • Parts Used: Aerial parts (stems, flowers, seeds)

Description

Cuscuta epithymum is a parasitic vine found in Europe, Asia, and North Africa. It lacks chlorophyll and derives nutrients from host plants, particularly members of the Fabaceae and Lamiaceae families. Traditionally, it has been used for its hepatoprotective, laxative, and immune-supportive properties. In herbal medicine, it is considered a potent tonic for the liver, kidneys, and reproductive system.

Historical and Traditional Uses

  • Used in traditional European medicine to promote liver and digestive health.
  • Applied in Persian and Ayurvedic medicine as a tonic for kidney and reproductive function.
  • Historically used to treat jaundice, skin disorders, and sluggish digestion.

Constituents

  • Flavonoids
  • Alkaloids
  • Tannins
  • Glycosides
  • Coumarins

Actions

  • Hepatoprotective (supports liver function)
  • Laxative
  • Diuretic
  • Antioxidant
  • Immunomodulatory
  • Reproductive tonic

Medicinal Uses

1. Liver and Detoxification Support:
Traditionally used to cleanse and support liver function, particularly in cases of jaundice and sluggish digestion.

2. Kidney and Urinary Health:
Employed as a diuretic to help flush out toxins and promote kidney function.

3. Reproductive Health:
Used as a tonic to enhance male and female fertility, often combined with other herbs for hormonal balance.

4. Digestive Stimulant:
Has mild laxative effects and can be used to relieve constipation and digestive stagnation.

5. Skin and Blood Purification:
Traditionally used to cleanse the blood and treat skin eruptions and inflammatory skin conditions.

Preparation and Dosage

Infusion (Tea):

  • 1-2 tsp of dried plant material per cup of boiling water. Steep for 10-15 minutes and drink up to twice daily.

Tincture:

  • 2-5 ml of tincture taken up to 3 times daily.

Powdered Extract:

  • 500 mg to 1 gram per dose, taken with warm water.

Precautions and Contraindications

  • Pregnancy and Lactation: Use with caution; consult a healthcare provider before use.
  • Gastrointestinal Sensitivity: May cause mild laxative effects.
  • Allergic Reactions: Individuals sensitive to plants in the Convolvulaceae family should use with caution.

Energetics (Traditional Medicine Perspectives)

  • Traditional European Herbalism: Cooling and drying; supports detoxification, liver function, and reproductive health.
  • Ayurveda: Balancing for Pitta and Kapha, but may increase Vata in excess.

Combinations

  • For Liver Health: Combine with milk thistle and dandelion.
  • For Kidney Support: Combine with nettle and corn silk.
  • For Reproductive Health: Combine with ashwagandha and shatavari.

Harvesting and Storage

  • Harvesting: Aerial parts are collected in summer when in bloom.
  • Drying: Air dry in a well-ventilated, shaded area.
  • Storage: Store dried plant material in an airtight container away from moisture and light.

Modern Research

Studies confirm Cuscuta epithymum’s hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and immune-supportive properties, reinforcing its traditional medicinal applications.

Dodder remains a valuable herb in both traditional and modern medicine, particularly for liver health, kidney support, and reproductive wellness.