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Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra)

Botanical Information

  • Family: Fabaceae
  • Common Names: Licorice, Sweet Root
  • Parts Used: Root

Description

Licorice is a perennial herb native to southern Europe and parts of Asia, known for its sweet-tasting root. It has long been used in herbal medicine for its soothing, anti-inflammatory, and immune-supportive properties. Licorice root is particularly effective in treating respiratory, digestive, and adrenal-related conditions.

Historical and Traditional Uses

  • Used in Traditional Chinese Medicine to harmonize herbal formulas and as a remedy for coughs, colds, and digestive issues.
  • Employed in Ayurvedic medicine to rejuvenate the body, soothe inflammation, and support respiratory health.
  • Popular in European herbalism for treating ulcers, sore throats, and adrenal fatigue.

Constituents

  • Glycyrrhizin (triterpene saponin)
  • Flavonoids (liquiritin, isoliquiritin)
  • Coumarins
  • Polysaccharides
  • Tannins

Actions

  • Anti-inflammatory
  • Demulcent (soothing)
  • Expectorant
  • Antiviral
  • Adaptogenic
  • Immune-modulating

Medicinal Uses

1. Respiratory Health:
Licorice is commonly used to soothe sore throats, reduce coughing, and clear mucus from the lungs. It is beneficial for colds, bronchitis, and asthma.

2. Digestive Health:
Its demulcent and anti-inflammatory properties help protect the stomach lining, making it effective for treating ulcers, heartburn, and gastritis.

3. Adrenal Support:
Licorice acts as an adaptogen, supporting adrenal function and helping the body respond to stress by modulating cortisol levels.

4. Immune System Boost:
Licorice enhances immune function and has antiviral properties, making it useful for managing infections, including viral outbreaks.

5. Anti-inflammatory Effects:
It reduces inflammation in conditions like arthritis and autoimmune disorders, making it a valuable herb for systemic inflammation.

6. Skin and Wound Healing:
Topically, licorice can help treat eczema, psoriasis, and other skin irritations.

Preparation and Dosage

Decoction (Tea):

  • 1-2 tsp of dried licorice root per cup of water. Simmer for 10-15 minutes and drink 1-2 times daily.

Tincture:

  • 1-3 ml of licorice tincture, taken 2-3 times daily.

Capsules:

  • 400-600 mg of powdered licorice root per dose, taken 1-2 times daily.

Topical Use:

  • Licorice extracts or creams can be applied to inflamed or irritated skin.

Precautions and Contraindications

  • High Blood Pressure: Licorice can raise blood pressure due to its glycyrrhizin content. Use deglycyrrhizinated licorice (DGL) for long-term use in those with hypertension.
  • Pregnancy and Lactation: Use with caution and consult a healthcare professional.
  • Kidney Conditions: High doses may cause water retention and potassium depletion.

Energetics (Traditional Medicine Perspectives)

  • Ayurvedic: Cooling and nourishing, licorice helps balance pitta and vata but may aggravate kapha if overused.
  • Traditional Chinese Medicine: Used to tonify qi, harmonize herbal formulas, and support lung and digestive health.

Combinations

  • For Respiratory Health: Combine with marshmallow root and thyme.
  • For Digestive Support: Combine with slippery elm and chamomile.
  • For Adrenal Support: Combine with ashwagandha and holy basil.

Harvesting and Storage

  • Harvesting: Roots are harvested in autumn from plants that are 3-5 years old.
  • Drying: Wash and slice the roots, then dry them in a well-ventilated area.
  • Storage: Store dried roots or powder in an airtight container in a cool, dark place.

Modern Research

Studies have validated licorice’s role in soothing inflammation, treating respiratory infections, and supporting adrenal function. Ongoing research is exploring its antiviral properties and potential benefits for autoimmune conditions.

Licorice remains a key herb in traditional and modern herbal medicine, valued for its soothing, adaptogenic, and immune-supportive effects.