Linden (Tilia spp.)

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Botanical Information

• Family: Tiliaceae (Malvaceae in some classifications)
• Common Names: Linden, Lime Tree, Basswood
• Parts Used: Flowers, Leaves, Bark

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Description

Tilia spp., commonly known as linden or lime tree, is a deciduous tree native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Its fragrant flowers have been traditionally used as a calming nervine, while the leaves and bark have medicinal properties supporting circulation, immune function, and digestion.

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Historical and Traditional Uses

• Used in European folk medicine as a mild sedative and sleep aid.
• Employed as a diaphoretic remedy for colds and flu.
• Traditionally used to ease digestive discomfort and support heart health.
• Applied externally for skin inflammation and wound healing.

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Constituents

• Flavonoids
• Volatile oils
• Tannins
• Mucilage
• Coumarins

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Actions

• Nervine (Calming)
• Diaphoretic (Promotes sweating)
• Antispasmodic
• Hypotensive (Lowers blood pressure)
• Anti-inflammatory
• Antioxidant

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Medicinal Uses

1. Nervous System Support:
Linden is a gentle sedative, useful for reducing anxiety, stress, and insomnia.

2. Fever and Cold Relief:
Traditionally used as a diaphoretic to promote sweating and reduce fever during colds and flu.

3. Cardiovascular Support:
Helps lower blood pressure and improve circulation.

4. Digestive Health:
Calms nervous indigestion, bloating, and mild stomach cramps.

5. Skin and Wound Healing:
Infusions and compresses are used externally to soothe skin irritations, rashes, and wounds.

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Preparation and Dosage

Infusion (Tea from Flowers):

• 1-2 tsp of dried flowers per cup of hot water. Steep for 10-15 minutes. Drink up to twice daily.

Tincture:

• 2-5 ml taken up to twice daily.

Compress (Topical Use):

• Soak a clean cloth in a strong infusion and apply to irritated skin.

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Precautions and Contraindications

• Pregnancy and Lactation: Generally considered safe in moderate amounts.
• Low Blood Pressure: May enhance hypotensive effects; use with caution if prone to low blood pressure.
• Allergic Reactions: Rare but possible, particularly in those sensitive to plants in the Malvaceae family.

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Energetics (Traditional Medicine Perspectives)

• Traditional Western Herbalism: Cooling and relaxing; supports nervous and circulatory systems.
• Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM): Clears heat, calms the Shen (spirit), and supports Lung and Heart meridians.
• Ayurveda: Balances Vata and Pitta, but may increase Kapha in excess.

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Combinations

• For Sleep and Relaxation: Combine with chamomile and lemon balm.
• For Fever Relief: Combine with elderflower and yarrow.
• For Circulatory Support: Combine with hawthorn and motherwort.

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Harvesting and Storage

• Harvesting: Flowers are collected in full bloom and dried for medicinal use.
• Drying: Air dry in a well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight.
• Storage: Store dried flowers in airtight containers away from moisture and heat.

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Modern Research

Studies confirm Tilia spp.’s calming, cardiovascular-supporting, and immune-boosting properties, reinforcing its traditional applications.

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Linden remains a valuable herb in both traditional and modern herbal medicine, particularly for nervous system support, fever relief, and heart health.