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Pterocarpus (Pterocarpus marsupium)

Botanical Information

  • Family: Fabaceae
  • Common Names: Indian Kino Tree, Vijaysar, Malabar Kino
  • Parts Used: Bark, Heartwood, Gum Resin

Description

Pterocarpus marsupium, commonly known as the Indian Kino Tree, is a deciduous tree native to India, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. It has been widely used in Ayurvedic medicine for its antidiabetic, astringent, and wound-healing properties. The heartwood and bark have been traditionally utilized to manage blood sugar levels, promote skin healing, and support liver and digestive health.

Historical and Traditional Uses

  • Used in Ayurveda as a natural treatment for diabetes.
  • Traditionally employed for wound healing and skin conditions.
  • Used as an astringent for digestive disorders and diarrhea.
  • Applied as a tonic to improve liver function and detoxification.

Constituents

  • Flavonoids (Pterostilbene)
  • Tannins
  • Polyphenols
  • Saponins
  • Alkaloids

Actions

  • Hypoglycemic (Blood sugar-lowering)
  • Astringent
  • Antioxidant
  • Hepatoprotective (Liver-supporting)
  • Anti-inflammatory
  • Wound healing

Medicinal Uses

1. Blood Sugar Regulation:
Pterocarpus is traditionally used to lower blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity, making it beneficial for diabetes management.

2. Wound Healing and Skin Support:
Applied externally for wounds, ulcers, and inflammatory skin conditions.

3. Liver Health:
Acts as a liver tonic, supporting detoxification and reducing oxidative stress.

4. Digestive Health:
Used to manage diarrhea, dysentery, and digestive inflammation.

5. Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Effects:
Rich in polyphenols, it protects against oxidative damage and inflammation.

Preparation and Dosage

Decoction (Tea from Heartwood/Bark):

  • 1-2 tsp of dried bark or wood chips per cup of water. Simmer for 15-20 minutes. Drink up to twice daily.

Tincture:

  • 2-5 ml taken up to twice daily.

Poultice (Topical Use):

  • Powdered bark mixed with water and applied to wounds and ulcers.

Precautions and Contraindications

  • Pregnancy and Lactation: Use with caution; consult a healthcare provider.
  • Low Blood Sugar: May enhance the effects of diabetic medications.
  • Gastrointestinal Sensitivity: May cause mild digestive discomfort in some individuals.

Energetics (Traditional Medicine Perspectives)

  • Ayurveda: Cooling and balancing; pacifies Pitta and Kapha, but may increase Vata in excess.
  • Traditional Western Herbalism: Used for its astringent and liver-supporting effects.
  • Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM): Supports Liver and Spleen meridians, clears heat, and detoxifies.

Combinations

  • For Blood Sugar Support: Combine with Gymnema and Fenugreek.
  • For Liver Health: Combine with Milk Thistle and Dandelion Root.
  • For Wound Healing: Combine with Turmeric and Gotu Kola.

Harvesting and Storage

  • Harvesting: Bark and heartwood are sustainably harvested for medicinal use.
  • Drying: Air dry in a well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight.
  • Storage: Store dried bark and wood in airtight containers away from moisture and heat.

Modern Research

Studies confirm Pterocarpus marsupium’s antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, and wound-healing properties, reinforcing its traditional applications.

Indian Kino Tree remains a highly valued herb in both traditional and modern herbal medicine, particularly for diabetes management, wound healing, and liver support.