Quercus robur (Fagaceae)

---

Botanical Information

• Family: Fagaceae
• Common Names: English Oak, Pedunculate Oak
• Parts Used: Bark, Acorns, Leaves

---

Description

Quercus robur, commonly known as English Oak, is a large deciduous tree native to Europe and parts of Asia. Revered for its strength and longevity, oak has been used medicinally for centuries. The bark is particularly rich in tannins, making it a valuable astringent for treating a variety of conditions, including diarrhea, inflammation, and wounds.

---

Historical and Traditional Uses

• Used in European folk medicine for diarrhea, dysentery, and intestinal inflammation.
• Applied as a poultice for wounds, burns, and skin ulcers.
• Historically used as a gargle for sore throats and gum infections.
• Acorns were traditionally ground into flour during food shortages and were used as a tonic.

---

Constituents

• Tannins (gallotannins, ellagitannins)
• Flavonoids
• Quercetin
• Saponins
• Resins

---

Actions

• Astringent
• Anti-inflammatory
• Antimicrobial
• Hemostatic (Stops bleeding)
• Tonic
• Antidiarrheal

---

Medicinal Uses

1. Digestive Health:
Oak bark is traditionally used to treat diarrhea, dysentery, and irritable bowel conditions due to its strong astringency.

2. Wound Healing and Skin Conditions:
A decoction or poultice of the bark can be applied to cuts, burns, ulcers, and inflamed skin.

3. Oral and Throat Health:
Used as a mouth rinse or gargle for sore throats, gum disease, and mouth ulcers.

4. Hemorrhoid Relief:
Oak bark is included in sitz baths and ointments to reduce swelling and irritation from hemorrhoids.

5. Excessive Sweating and Skin Irritations:
Used in foot soaks or compresses to reduce excessive sweating and skin irritations.

---

Preparation and Dosage

Decoction (Tea from Bark):

• 1-2 tsp of dried bark per cup of water. Simmer for 15-20 minutes. Drink up to twice daily.

Tincture:

• 2-5 ml taken up to twice daily.

Poultice (Topical Use):

• Crushed bark applied to wounds or inflamed skin.

Gargle/Mouthwash:

• A decoction can be used as a gargle for throat infections and gum inflammation.

---

Precautions and Contraindications

• Pregnancy and Lactation: Use with caution; consult a healthcare provider.
• Gastrointestinal Sensitivity: High tannin content may cause stomach upset in sensitive individuals.
• Long-Term Use: Prolonged internal use can interfere with nutrient absorption due to tannins.
• Kidney Disorders: Avoid excessive use in cases of kidney disease.

---

Energetics (Traditional Medicine Perspectives)

• Traditional Western Herbalism: Cooling and astringent; strengthens tissues and reduces excess moisture.
• Ayurveda: Balances Pitta and Kapha, but may aggravate Vata in excess.
• Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM): Clears heat and dampness, supports digestion, and astringes fluids.

---

Combinations

• For Digestive Health: Combine with blackberry root and chamomile.
• For Wound Healing: Combine with calendula and plantain.
• For Oral Health: Combine with myrrh and sage.

---

Harvesting and Storage

• Harvesting: Bark is collected in spring from young branches and dried for medicinal use.
• Drying: Air dry in a well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight.
• Storage: Store dried bark in airtight containers away from heat and moisture.

---

Modern Research

Studies confirm Quercus robur’s astringent, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, reinforcing its traditional applications.

---

English Oak remains a valuable herb in both traditional and modern herbal medicine, particularly for digestive, skin, and oral health.